Witness
Witness to composite(s): Q004477
Primary Publication: CDLI (2011) Nimrud NW Palace F-02 = RIMA 2.0.101.023, ex. 144 (a)
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: Nimrud fragment no. 30 + 31 + 33 (a); Nimrud fragment no. 30 (b); Nimrud fragment no. 31 (c); WCMA 1851.2 (d); unknown (e)
Provenience: Kalhu (mod. Nimrud/ Tawfiqiyah)
Period: Neo-Assyrian (ca. 911-612 BC)
Object Type: Wall relief > Wall slab
Material: stone > sedimentary rock > limestone
Date: Assurnasirpal2.00.00.00
Witness
Witness to composite(s): Q004477
Primary Publication: CDLI (2011) Nimrud NW Palace WW-01 = RIMA 2.0.101.023, ex. 181
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 1851.1
Provenience: Kalhu (mod. Nimrud/ Tawfiqiyah)
Period: Neo-Assyrian (ca. 911-612 BC)
Object Type: Wall relief > Wall slab
Material: stone > sedimentary rock > limestone
Date: Assurnasirpal2.00.00.00
Witness
Witness to composite(s): Q000911
Primary Publication:
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.01
Provenience: Girsu (mod. Tello)
Period: Lagash II (ca. 2200-2100 BC)
Object Type: cone
Material: clay
Date: Gudea.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
object cone
surface a
1. {d}nin-gir2-su
2. ur-sag kal-ga
3. {d}en-lil2-la2
4. lugal-a-ni
5. gu3-de2-a
6. ensi2
7. lagasz{ki}-ke4
8. nig2-du7-e pa mu-na-e3
9. e2-ninnu anzu2{muszen#}-babbar2-ra-ni
10. mu-na-du3
11. ki-be2 mu-na-gi4
blank space
Witness
Witness to composite(s): Q000911
Primary Publication:
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.02
Provenience: Girsu (mod. Tello)
Period: Lagash II (ca. 2200-2100 BC)
Object Type: cone
Material: clay
Date: Gudea.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
object cone
surface a
1. [{d}]nin#-gir2-su
2. [ur]-sag# kal-ga
3. [{d}]en-lil2-la2-[ra]
4. lugal#-a-ni
5. [gu3]-de2#-a
6. ensi2#
7. lagasz#{ki}-ke4
8. [nig2]-du7#-e pa mu-na-e3
9. [e2]-ninnu# anzu2{muszen#}-babbar2-ra-ni
10. [mu]-na-du3
11. [ki]-be2# mu-na-gi4
Witness
Witness to composite(s): Q000915
Primary Publication:
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.03
Provenience: Girsu (mod. Tello)
Period: Lagash II (ca. 2200-2100 BC)
Object Type: cone
Material: clay
Date: Gudea.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
object cone
surface a
1. [{d}nin-gir2-su]
2. [ur-sag kal-ga]
3. {[d]}en-[lil2-la2-ra]
4. lugal-a-[ni]
5. gu3-de2#-[a]
6. ensi2#
7. lagasz#[{ki}-ke4]
8. lu2 e2#-[ninnu]
9. {d}nin-gir2-[su-ka]
10. [in-du3-a]
11. [e2-PA e2-ub-imin-a-ni]
12. [mu-na-du3]
Witness
Witness to composite(s): Q000908
Primary Publication:
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.04
Provenience: Girsu (mod. Tello)
Period: Lagash II (ca. 2200-2100 BC)
Object Type: cone
Material: clay
Date: Gudea.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
object cone
surface a
column 1
1. {d}nin-gir2-su#
2. ur#-sag kal-[ga]
3. [{d}]en#-lil2-la2-[ra]
4. [gu3-de2-a]
5. [ensi2]
6. [lagasz{ki}]-ke4#
7. nig2-du7-e pa mu#-na-e3
column 2
broken
Primary Publication:
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.05
Provenience: Larsa (mod. Tell as-Senkereh)
Period: Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC)
Object Type: Small Finds > stopper
Material: clay
Witness
Witness to composite(s): Q002240
Primary Publication:
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.06
Provenience: uncertain (mod. uncertain)
Period: Early Old Babylonian (ca. 2000-1900 BC)
Object Type: tablet or envelope > tablet
Material: clay
Date: Sin-kashid.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
object cone
obverse
1. {d#}suen-ga-szi-id#
2. nita kal-ga
3. lugal unu{ki}-ga
4. lugal am-na-nu-um
5. u2-a
6. e2-an-na
reverse
1. e2-gal
2. nam-lugal-la-ka-ni
3. mu#-du3
Primary Publication: Liu Changyu (2020) Orient 55, p.155-172 p. 162 no. 8
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.07
Provenience: Umma (mod. Tell Jokha)
Period: Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)
Object Type: tablet or envelope > tablet
Material: clay
Date: Šū-Suen.06.13.00 (intercalated)
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
tablet
obverse
1. 1(asz)# 1(barig) 4(ban2) sze-ba gur
en: 1 gur 1 barig 3 ban2, ration barley,
2. kiszib3 a-du-mu#
en: under seal of Adumu;
3. 2(asz) 4(barig) sze-ba gur kiszib3 lu2-[...]
en: 2 gur 4 barig, ration barley, under seal of Lu-...,
blank space
4. 5(asz) 3(barig) 2(ban2) sze-ba gur ki {d}szara2-kam
en: 5 gur 2 barig 2 ban2? ration barley with Šara-kam
5. 1(barig) ur-{d}dumu-zi-da dumu nam-[tur]
en: 1 barig, Ur-Dumuzida, son of Namtur
6. 6(asz) 3(ban2) 5(disz) sila3 gur ur-ga2
en: 6 gur 3 ban2 5 sila3, Urga
blank space
notepad numbers 7(asz) 2(barig)? 3(u) 5(disz)
reverse
blank space
notepad number 3(barig)
erasures
1. ki-su7 du6-gub3-temen-na-ta
en: from the threshing floor Dugubtemena;
2. iti diri
en: month: “Extra,”
3. mu {d}szu-{d}suen lugal-e na-ru2-a-mah mu-du3
en: year: “Šu-Suen, the king, Great-stele erected.”
Primary Publication:
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.08
Provenience: Puzriš-Dagan (mod. Drehem)
Period: Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)
Object Type: tablet or envelope > tablet
Material: clay
Date: Amar-Suen.01.02.14
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
tablet
obverse
1. 2(disz) udu niga {d}inanna unu{ki}
en: 2 barley-fed sheep (for) Inanna of Uruk,
2. giri3 lugal-i3-mah sagi
en: via Lugalimah, cupbearer;
3. 1(disz) udu sze 1(disz) sila4 ga
en: 1 barley-fed sheep, a milk-fed lamb
4. {d}isztaran
en: (for) Ištaran,
5. nu-hi-dingir-um maszkim
en: from Nuhi-ilum, the deputy;
6. 1(disz) sila4 ga {d}nanna
en: 1 milk-fed lamb (for) Nanna,
7. er3-ra-na-da maszkim
en: from Erranada, the deputy;
8. siskur2 sza3 e2-gal
en: an offering in the palace;
9. 1(disz) masz2-gal niga i3-li2-da-gan
en: 1 barley-fed large-goat, from Ili-Dagan,
10. lu2 eb-la{ki}
en: man of Ebla;
11. 1(disz) masz2-gal niga
en: 1 barley-fed large-goat,
12. x x x
en: ...,
inserted since we expect something here
reverse
1. 1(disz) masz2-gal niga
en: 1 barley-fed large-goat,
2. bu-du-ur2 lu2 ur-szu
en: from ..., man of Uršu
3. 1(disz) masz2-gal niga na-gi4-zu lu2 kin-gi4-a sza3 ar-[...]
en: 1 large barley-fed goat, Nagizu, messenger from Ar-...
4. giri3 lugal-inim-gi?-na
en: via Lugalinimgina (and)
5. ARAD2-mu ugula kas4
en: ARAD-mu, overseer of the messengers;
6. iti u4 1(u) 4(disz) ba-zal
en: ff the month, 14 days have passed,
7. ki a-hu-ni-ta ba-zi
en: booked out of (the account of) Ahuni,
8. iti ses-da-gu7
en: month: “Eating piglets,”
9. mu {d}amar-{d}suen lugal
en: year: “Amar-Suen became king.”
Primary Publication:
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.08bis
Provenience: —
Period: Old Babylonian (ca. 1900-1600 BC)
Object Type: tablet or envelope > tablet
Material: clay
Has seal impression(s)
Impressed with seal(s): S006055
Primary Publication: Liu Changyu (2020) Orient 55, p.155-172 p. 163 no. 9
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.09
Provenience: Umma (mod. Tell Jokha)
Period: Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)
Object Type: tablet or envelope > tablet
Material: clay
Date: Šū-Suen.07.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
tablet
obverse
1. 2/3(disz) ma-na 4(disz) gin2 uruda
2. ki lu2-kal-la-ta
3. ugu2 gu-du-du ba-a-gar
reverse
1. kiszib3 ur-{d}nun-gal
seal impression
2. mu {d}szu-{d}suen lugal-e ma-da za-ab-sza-li{ki} mu-hul
seal 1
column 1
1. {d}szu-{d}suen
2. lugal kal-ga
3. lugal uri5{ki}-ma
4. lugal an-ub-da limmu2-ba
column 2
1. ur-{d}nun-gal
2. dub-sar
3. dumu ur-{d}szara2
4. pisan-dub-ba-ka
5. ARAD2-zu
Has seal impression(s)
Impressed with seal(s): S003102
Primary Publication: Liu Changyu (2020) Orient 55, p.155-172 p. 164 no. 11
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.10
Provenience: Umma (mod. Tell Jokha)
Period: Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)
Object Type: tablet or envelope > tablet
Material: clay
Date: Šū-Suen.08.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
tablet
obverse
1. 1(disz) udu
en: 1 sheep
2. siskur2 ki-su7 a-sza3 GAN2-mah
en: for the threshing-floor sacrifice of the field GAN-maḫ,
3. ki ur-{d}hal-mu-sza4-ta
en: from Ur-Ḫalmuša,
reverse
1. kiszib3 lu2-[{d}ha]-ia3
en: under seal of Lu-Ḫaya;
blank space
seal impression
2. mu {d}szu-{d}suen lugal-e ma2-gur8-mah {d}en-lil2 {d}nin-lil2-ra mu-ne-du8
en: year: “Šu-Suen the king built the great-barge for Enlil and Ninlil.”
sic du8, “caulked”
seal 1
1. lu2-{d}ha-ia3#
en: Lu-Ḫaya,
2. dub-sar
en: scribe,
3. dumu ur-e11-e szusz3
en: son of Ur-e’e, cattle manager.
Primary Publication:
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.11
Provenience: Gasur/Nuzi (mod. Yorgan Tepe)
Period: Middle Babylonian (ca. 1400-1100 BC)
Object Type: tablet or envelope > tablet
Material: clay
Primary Publication:
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.12
Provenience: —
Period: Neo-Babylonian (ca. 626-539 BC)
Object Type: tablet or envelope > tablet
Material: clay
Primary Publication:
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.13
Provenience: Babylon (mod. Bābili)
Period: Neo-Babylonian (ca. 626-539 BC)
Object Type: tablet or envelope > tablet
Material: clay
Date: --.02.00.00
Has seal impression(s)
Impressed with seal(s): S005357
Primary Publication: Liu Changyu (2020) Orient 55, p.155-172 p. 160 no. 6
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.14
Provenience: Umma (mod. Tell Jokha)
Period: Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)
Object Type: tablet or envelope > tablet
Material: clay
Date: Amar-Suen.09.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
tablet
obverse
1. 1(u) 6(disz) gurusz u4 2(disz)-sze3
en: 16 laborers for 2 days
2. umma{ki}-ta du6-gesz-i3-ka-sze3 ma2 su3 gid2-da
en: from Umma to Dugeši an empty boat towed,
3. u4 2(disz)-sze3 sze gesz e3-a u3 ma2-a si-ga
en: for 2 days barley threshing and in the boat loaded,
4. u4 1(disz)-sze3 i7 sal4-la{ki}-asz ma2 gid2-da
en: for 1 day to the Salla canal boat towed,
reverse
1. u4 3(disz)-sze3 sze ba-al-la sze bala-a u3 guru7-a im-ur3-ra
en: for 3 days grain unloaded, grain transferred, and silo plastering;
2. ugula ur-{d}szakkan
en: foreman: Ur-Šakkan,
3. kiszib3 ur-{d}szara2
en: sealed document of Ur-Šara;
blank space
seal impression
4. mu# en# ga-esz#{ki#} ba#-hun
en: year: “The lord of Ga’eš was installed.”
seal 1
1. ur-{d}szara2
en: Ur-Šara,
2. dub-sar
en: scribe,
3. dumu szesz-kal-la
en: son of Šeškalla.
Has seal impression(s)
Impressed with seal(s): S002864.2
Primary Publication: Liu Changyu (2020) Orient 55, p.155-172 p. 158-159 no. 4
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.15
Provenience: Umma (mod. Tell Jokha)
Period: Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)
Object Type: tablet or envelope > tablet
Material: clay
Date: Amar-Suen.06.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
tablet
obverse
1. 1(gesz'u) 1(u) 2(disz) sa gi
2. ma2 ninda{da} la2-a u3 ma2-2(disz) du3-a bala-sze3
reverse
1. ki lugal-a2-zi-da-ta
2. kiszib3 hu-wa-wa
3. giri3 ga-ti-e
blank space
2. mu sza-asz-szu2-ru-um{ki} a-ra2 2(disz)-kam ba-hul
seal 1
1. lu2-[eb-gal]
2. dub-sar
3. dumu ur-ge6-par4
Has seal impression(s)
Impressed with seal(s): S999999
Primary Publication: Liu Changyu (2020) Orient 55, p.155-172 p. 170 no. 18
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.16
Provenience: Nippur (mod. Nuffar)
Period: Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)
Object Type: tablet or envelope > tablet
Material: clay
Date: Šū-Suen.07.03.08
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
tablet
obverse
1. 1(disz) gin2 ku3-babbar
en: 1 shekel silver
2. ur5-sze3
en: for interest
3. ki lugal-ku3-zu dam-gar3-ta
en: from Lugalkuzu, merchant,
reverse
1. u-bar i3-du8 {d}nin-lil2-la2
en: Ubar, doorman of Ninlil,
2. szu ba-ti
en: has received.
3. iti sig4 u4 8(disz) ba-zal
en: Month: “Bricks,” 8 days passed;
5. mu {d}szu-{d}suen lugal-e ma-da za-ab-sza-li{ki} mu-hul
en: year: “Šu-Suen, the king, destroyed the country Zabšali.”
seal 1
1. u-bar
en: Ubar,
2. i3-du8 {d}nin-lil2-la2
en: doorman of Ninlil,
Primary Publication: Liu Changyu (2020) Orient 55, p.155-172 p. 170-171 no. 19
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.17
Provenience: Nippur (mod. Nuffar)
Period: Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)
Object Type: tablet or envelope > tablet
Material: clay
Date: Šū-Suen.09.05.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
tablet
obverse
1. 1(ban2) esza
en: 1 ban2 esza-grain
2. 1(ban2) dabin
en: 1 ban2 flour
3. ab-ba sze se-ge4
en: barley repaid to elders
4. e2 {d}en-lil2-ka
en: of the house of Enlil,
5. ki lugal-dumu-ze2-ta
en: from Lugaldumuze(’s account)
reverse
1. [ba]-zi
en: has been booked out.
2. iti NE#-NE-gar
en: Month “NENEgar,”
3. u4 1(u) 4(disz) ba-zal
en: 14 days passed;
4. mu {d}szu-{d}suen lugal uri5{ki}-ma-ke4 e2 {d}szara2 umma{ki}-ka mu-du3
en: year: “Šu-Suen, king of Ur, erected the house of Šara of Umma.”
Primary Publication: Liu Changyu (2020) Orient 55, p.155-172 p. 164 no. 10
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.18
Provenience: Umma (mod. Tell Jokha)
Period: Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)
Object Type: tablet or envelope > tablet
Material: clay
Date: Šū-Suen.07.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
tablet
obverse
1. 1/3(disz) ma-na ku3-babbar
en: 1/3 mina silver
2. la2-ia3 su-ga nu-{gesz}kiri6-ke4-ne
en: replaced deficit of the gardeners,
3. ki {d}szara2-kam-ta
en: from Šarakam
4. gu-du-du
en: Gududu
reverse
1. szu ba-ti
en: has received;
blank space
2. mu {d}szu-{d}suen lugal uri5{ki}-ma-ke4 ma-da za-ab-sza-li{ki} mu-hul
en: year: “Šu-Suen, king of Ur, destroyed the country of Zabšali.”
Primary Publication: Liu Changyu (2020) Orient 55, p.155-172 p. 169 no. 17
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.19
Provenience: Puzriš-Dagan (mod. Drehem)
Period: Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)
Object Type: tablet or envelope > tablet
Material: clay
Date: Šū-Suen.04.04.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
tablet
obverse
1. 1(disz) gu4 mu 1(asz)
en: 1 bull (of) one year,
2. 5(disz) udu
en: 5 sheep,
3. 1(disz) u8
en: 1 ewe,
4. 1(disz) sila4
en: 1 lamb,
5. ba-ug7 u4 2(u) 1(disz)-kam
en: slaughtered, on the 21st day;
6. ki du-u2-du-ta
en: from Du'udu
reverse
1. {d}szul-gi-iri-gu10
en: Šulgi-irigu
2. szu ba-ti
en: has received;
3. iti u5-bi2-gu7
en: month: “Eating Ubi-birds,”
4. mu {d}szu-{d}suen lugal uri5{ki}-ma-ke4 bad3 mar-tu mu-ri-iq-ti-id-ni-im mu-du3
en: year: “Šu-Suen, king of Ur, erected the Amorite wall Muriq-tidnim.”
left
1. 1(disz) gu4 7(disz) udu
Primary Publication: Liu Changyu (2020) Orient 55, p.155-172 p. 168 no. 16
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.20
Provenience: Puzriš-Dagan (mod. Drehem)
Period: Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)
Object Type: tablet or envelope > tablet
Material: clay
Date: Šū-Suen.01.12.19
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
tablet
obverse
1. 1(disz) amar masz-da3-munus
en: 1 young female gazelle
2. da-da ensi2
en: (from) Dada, governor;
3. 1(disz) sila4 u2-u2-mu
en: 1 lamb (from) U’umu;
4. 1(disz) sila4 szesz-kal-la
en: 1 lamb (from) Šeshkalla;
5. u4 2(u) la2 1(disz@t)-kam
en: on the 19th day,
6. mu-kux(DU)
en: delivery,
reverse
1. in-ta-e3-a
en: Intaea
2. i3-dab5
en: has accepted,
3. giri3 nu-ur2-{d}suen dub-sar
en: via Nur-Suen, scribe;
4. iti sze-sag11-ku5
en: month “Harvest,”
5. mu {d}szu-{d}suen lugal
en: year: “Šu-Suen became king.”
left
1. 3(disz)
Primary Publication: Liu Changyu (2020) Orient 55, p.155-172 p. 157 no. 2
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.21
Provenience: Umma (mod. Tell Jokha)
Period: Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)
Object Type: tablet or envelope > tablet
Material: clay
Date: Amar-Suen.05.05.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
tablet
obverse
1. 3(gesz2) 5(disz) udu niga 1(disz) sila3-ta
en: 185 barley-fed sheep at 1 sila3 each,
2. udu bala-a
en: bala sheep,
3. sze-bi 1(u) 8(asz) 2(barig) 3(ban2) gur
en: their barley: 18 gur 2 barig 3 ban2,
calculation: 185 x 30 x 1 = 5550 = 18;2,3
4. giri3 lugal-a2-zi-da
en: via Lugalazida;
reverse
blank space
1. iti dal
en: month “Flight,”
2. mu en-unu6-gal {d}inanna ba-hun
en: year: “Enunugal of Inanna was installed.”
Primary Publication: Liu Changyu (2020) Orient 55, p.155-172 p. 165 no. 12
Collection: Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA
Museum no.: WCMA 20.1.22
Provenience: Umma (mod. Tell Jokha)
Period: Ur III (ca. 2100-2000 BC)
Object Type: tablet or envelope > tablet
Material: clay
Date: 00.00.00.00
Transliteration:
atf: lang sux
tablet
obverse
1. 1(disz) masz2
en: 1 goat
2. lugal-a2-zi-da szusz3
en: from Lugalazida.
blank space
reverse
blank space
